EXPLORING THE PREVALENCE, PATTERNS AND CONSEQUENCES OF FEMALE CRIMINALITY AMONG INMATES IN CORRECTIONAL CENTRES IN THE SOUTH-SOUTH REGION OF NIGERIA

Abstract

Crime is inevitable in human society. However, when it involves the female gender, it is often perceived as an abnormal phenomenon. Female criminality is a global issue that has persisted since time immemorial. This paper explores the prevalence, patterns, and consequences of female criminality among inmates in correctional centres in the South-South region of Nigeria. The Feminist Theory and Social Disorganization Theory formed the theoretical framework for the study. The study adopted a mixed methods research design, involving the use of questionnaires for quantitative data collection and in-depth interviews for qualitative data collection. A sample size of 208 female inmates was selected for the questionnaire administration, while 12 participants were purposively selected for in-depth interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 27). The data were presented using descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, percentages, and charts. The qualitative data were transcribed, coded into themes and sub-themes, and analyzed using illustrative quotes. The findings revealed that although women constitute a relatively smaller proportion of offenders compared to men, their involvement in criminal activities has become increasingly visible, diversified, and structurally embedded. It was also found that stigmatization of former inmates has long-term structural implications, including limited employment opportunities, weakened family support systems, and restricted access to community-based assistance. The study recommends the development of gender-responsive correctional policies that address the unique socio-psychological and rehabilitative needs of female inmates, including counselling, trauma support, and family reintegration services.